The Chinese word for sun is
太阳

tàiyáng

Translations for sun and their definitions

太陽
1. n. sun; the Sun
太陽落山了。 - The sun (∅/has/is) set.
地球繞太陽公轉zhuàn。 - The earth revolves around the sun.
2. n. sunshine; sunlight
3. n. (Southwestern Mandarin, Guangxi Cantonese, Gan, Min Bei, Leizhou Min) temple (on the head)
4. n. (tarot) the Sun
5. n. (I Ching) greater yang (⚌)

太阳
1. Simplified form of 太陽

日
1. (star) Sun
2. daytime; time between sunrise and sunset
日班 (rìbān) - day shift
Antonyms: 夜
3. day; twenty-four hours
4. everyday; daily; day-to-day
5. day of the month
三.月四日 (sān yuè sì rì) - March 4
Synonyms: 號
6. some day; some other time
7. former times; previous times; the past
8. time; period; age
9. Short for 日本, gloss=Japan; Japanese; Nippo-:
中日詞典 (zhōngrì cídiǎn) - Chinese-Japanese dictionary
10. (obsolete) Short for 日斯巴尼亞, gloss=Spain
11. (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 日, id=1
12. (dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Jin, dialectal Wu, dialectal Xiang, vulgar, often in abuses) to fuck; to have sexual intercourse with
狗日 (gǒurì) - fucking
13. Only used in (l-self-lite, zh, sc=Hant, 日)磾, a Han dynasty-era personal name borne by Jin Midi (lw, zh, 金日磾) and Ma Midi (lw, zh, 馬日磾, tr=-).
14. Variant of 時

日頭
1. n. (literary or dialectal) sun
2. n. (dialectal Hakka, Huizhou, Puxian Min, dialectal Wu) sunlight
3. n. (Zhongyuan Mandarin, Cantonese, Longyan Min, Teochew, Zhongshan Min, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, dialectal Wu) daytime
4. n. (dialectal) date; day
5. n. (Min Nan) wedding day (date suggested by the bridegroom's family to the bride's family)
送日ji̍t頭 - to notify the bride's family of the wedding day, MN

日头
1. Simplified form of 日頭

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