だ は英語で
to is
英語の定義
| だ | |
| 1. syllable. (ja-kana-def) | |
| 2. v. (auxiliary) (Following parts of speech that do not inflect by themselves, including nouns, na-adjectives, adverbs and postpositional phrases.) | |
| 3. v. to be | |
| 彼は無実だ。 - He is innocent. | |
| 冬休みは明日からだ。 - Winter vacation is from tomorrow. (Winter vacation starts from tomorrow.) | |
| 私が子供だった頃 - when I was a child | |
| 美人で優しい人 - a person who is beautiful and kind | |
| 大学生ならこれ くらい は できる はずです。 - This should be easy for a college student. | |
| 4. v. should; be obliged to; ought to | |
| 汚物 は 消毒 だ。 - The filth should be disinfected. | |
| お代わり だ。 - (Of a second helping) one more please. | |
| 二度と来るんじゃない！ - Never come again! | |
| 5. v. (auxiliary) (Some forms also follow inflectable words.) | |
| 6. v. です follows i-adjectives, as the standard polite terminal form for i-adjectives. | |
| 遅いですね。 - You are too slow. | |
| 7. v. だろう / (lang, ja, でしょう) / lang, ja, なら can follow any inflectable word, forming suppletive volitional/polite volitional/conditional forms. | |
| 飲むなら乗るな！ - If you are to drink, don't drive! | |
| 彼はきっと成功するだろう。 - He will sure succeed. | |
| 8. v. (auxiliary) (Not following any words, but used before some conjunctives or in some inflected forms, to represent the aforementioned statement.) | |
| 山をなめてはいけない。でないと死んじゃうよ。 - Don't underestimate the difficulty of mountaineering. If you do, you could die. | |
| 9. v. Usage: * だ is the only commonly used modern Japanese verb with the terminal form (終止形) distinct from the attributive form (連体形). As relative clauses in Japanese are syntactically equivalent to | |
| Usage: * Use の after nouns, adverbs or prepositional phrases. But use (lang, ja, な) before the nominalizer の. | |
| Usage: 学生のアリス - Alice, who is a student | |
| Usage: ここまでのあらすじ - the plot summary up to now | |
| Usage: 後味もすっきりなのが特徴です。 - That the aftertaste is refreshing too is its distinguishing feature. | |
| Usage: 今日は休みなので早起きしてなかった。 - I didn't get up early because it is a holiday today. | |
| Usage: * Use な after a na-adjective. | |
| Usage: 実家が裕福な友人 - a friend whose family is rich | |
| Usage: * Alternatively, である can be used when following nouns and denoting the meaning "to be". | |
| Usage: 学生であるアリス - Alice, who is a student | |
| 10. v. Usage: * This word is phonologically an enclitic, similar to particles. It is classified as 助動詞 in traditional Japanese grammar. | |
| 11. pron. (Tsugaru) who |
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